Neurolymphomatosis of T-Cell Origin in a Dog.

Neurolymphomatosis is a rare T-cell lymphoma in dogs; CSF analysis is crucial for diagnosis.

A 10-year-old mixed-breed dog presented with progressive neurological deficits indicative of polyneuropathy. Diagnostic imaging, including CT and MRI, revealed no significant abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed marked lymphocytic pleocytosis, with immunocytochemical staining identifying the infiltrating cells as T-cell lymphoma. Despite initiating chemotherapy, the dog's clinical signs did not improve, and follow-up CSF analysis continued to show mild lymphocytic pleocytosis. MRI of the brain and spinal cord revealed a reduced ventral subarachnoid and epidural space between the Th11-L2 vertebrae and mild enlargement of the central canal in this region. Postmortem examination disclosed thickening of the spinal nerve roots and ganglia. Histopathological examination revealed extensive intraspinal-subdural and intraneural, as well as intra-ganglionic, infiltration by large lymphocytes in the peripheral nervous system. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the infiltrating lymphoblasts were CD3 positive, indicating a T-cell origin. This case underscores the rarity of neurolymphomatosis in dogs and highlights the critical role of CSF analysis in diagnosing neurologic abnormalities. ([pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40702997/?utm_source=openai))

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