The sodium correction factor for dogs undergoing treatment for a hyperglycemic crisis is a 1.6-mEq/L decrease in sodium per 100-mg/dL increase in glucose.

Use 1.6 mEq/L sodium correction factor per 100-mg/dL glucose increase in hyperglycemic dogs.

This retrospective study establishes a clinically applicable sodium correction factor for hyperglycemic diabetic dogs. Researchers analyzed 76 hospitalization episodes from 67 dogs presenting to the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 2015-2023, examining paired blood sodium and glucose measurements from presentation until glucose normalization (≤201 mg/dL). Using linear mixed models, the authors determined that sodium concentration decreases by 1.6 mEq/L for every 100-mg/dL increase in blood glucose (95% CI, 1.3-1.9 mEq/L). The study attempted to identify differential correction factors for glucose levels ≤400 mg/dL versus >400 mg/dL but was limited by insufficient samples in the higher glucose range. Treatment approaches were consistent across cases, with nearly all patients receiving balanced isotonic crystalloids (97%), electrolyte supplementation (84%), and regular insulin (97%). Notably, 93% of dogs had concurrent diseases. The authors recommend using the 1.6 mEq/L correction factor for clinical management of hyperglycemic crisis in dogs, providing practitioners with evidence-based guidance for sodium assessment in this critical patient population.

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