Histopathological findings of mammary tumours in male dogs and cats from a long-term institutional cohort.

Feline mammary tumours are more aggressive than canine counterparts, presenting as higher grades.

This retrospective institutional study analyzed 110 mammary gland tumours from 73 male dogs and 23 male cats over a 17-year period (2008-2025). Malignant tumours predominated in both species: 73.5% in dogs (50/68) and 86.4% in cats (19/22). Caudal mammary glands (glands IV and V) were most frequently affected in both species. Complex carcinoma was the most common histological type in male dogs, while tubular carcinoma predominated in cats. Nodulectomy was the primary surgical intervention. A critical distinction emerged in tumour grading: male dogs predominantly presented with low-grade (grade I) tumours (80%), whereas male cats showed predominantly intermediate- and high-grade (grades II-III) tumours. These findings indicate that while malignancy rates are high in both species, feline mammary tumours demonstrate more aggressive biological behaviour with higher grades at presentation compared to canine tumours, suggesting potentially different prognoses and treatment considerations.

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