In vitro effects of different biomaterials on canine dental pulp stem cells.

CellFoam shows greatest biocompatibility and lowest cytotoxicity for canine regenerative endodontics.

This in vitro study evaluated the biocompatibility and odontogenic potential of three biomaterials—ProRoot MTA, RS+, and CellFoam—on canine dental pulp stem cells (cDPSCs) isolated from extracted dog teeth. Using flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation assays, researchers characterized cDPSCs and exposed them to material suspensions and conditioned media to simulate clinical exposure scenarios. Metabolic activity, cell viability, and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation were assessed through MTT assays, live/dead staining, Alizarin Red S staining, and gene expression analysis (RUNX2, ALPL, MMP13). CellFoam demonstrated superior biocompatibility with lower acute cytotoxicity in suspension cultures. Under physiologically relevant conditioned exposure, all materials showed comparable performance with no significant differences. MTA-conditioned cells exhibited advanced osteogenic differentiation markers. All three biomaterials supported odontogenic differentiation and demonstrated clinical biocompatibility with cDPSCs. These findings suggest CellFoam as a promising carrier for stem cell-based regenerative endodontic therapies in veterinary dentistry, validating the cDPSC model for biomaterial evaluation.

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