Incidence of hypoxemia is associated with echocardiographic findings in dogs with advanced myxomatous mitral valve disease.

ABGA detects hypoxemia in advanced MMVD undetectable by radiography alone.

This retrospective study evaluated arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) findings in 22 dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) classified as stage B2 or C, compared to 14 control dogs, between April 2022 and March 2024. Dogs underwent thoracic radiography, echocardiography, ABGA, and blood pressure measurement. Severity was classified using left atrium-to-aortic root ratio (LA:Ao) and E-wave peak velocity (E max). Results demonstrated significantly decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (Pao2) in stage B2 (68 mm Hg) and stage C (63 mm Hg) groups compared to controls (79 mm Hg). Dogs with E max >1.3 m/s and LA:Ao >2.0 exhibited the lowest Pao2 (57 mm Hg). Notably, no dogs were diagnosed with pulmonary edema on radiography, but concurrent tracheal collapse and bronchomalacia were common. The findings indicate that ABGA effectively detects hypoxemia in advanced MMVD that thoracic radiography cannot identify, suggesting ABGA combined with echocardiography improves assessment of MMVD severity and associated respiratory compromise.

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