The Effect of Intradermal Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection on Healing of Porcine Full-Thickness Wounds.

Intradermal BTX-A improves wound healing quality without accelerating closure.

This experimental study investigated intradermal botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) administration on full-thickness wound healing in a porcine model. Ten standardized circular wounds received either intradermal BTX-A or saline control, with assessment at multiple timepoints (days 3, 7, 14, 21, 28) using histopathological analysis. While wound closure kinetics were comparable between groups, BTX-A-treated wounds demonstrated superior healing quality parameters. Early postoperative inflammation was significantly reduced, evidenced by decreased neutrophil, lymphocyte, and macrophage infiltration. The BTX-A group exhibited enhanced angiogenesis and fibroblast proliferation during the proliferative phase, with consistently elevated collagen density throughout healing. Notably, collagen fiber organization improved significantly during the remodeling phase in treated wounds. These findings suggest BTX-A enhances wound healing quality through multiple mechanisms—modulating inflammatory response, promoting vascularization, and improving collagen maturation—without accelerating overall wound closure. The results provide histopathological evidence supporting BTX-A's potential therapeutic application in cutaneous wound management beyond its established neuromuscular effects.

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