Delivery of AgNP led to more pronounced local retention in the subcutaneous versus intraperitoneal location with limited uptake and toxic effects in rats.

AgNP-P407 shows promise for local delivery with minimal systemic toxicity in rats.

This controlled randomized trial evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) delivered in poloxamer 407 gel via subcutaneous (SC) or intraperitoneal (IP) routes in 25 rats. Phase 1 compared SC versus IP delivery of AgNP-P407 (0.01 mg AgNP/rat), while Phase 2 evaluated IP delivery of gel alone, AgNP-P407, or AgNP in aqueous buffer. All rats survived to day 7 euthanasia. SC delivery demonstrated minimal local histologic toxicity with pronounced local retention, while IP delivery showed earlier plasma silver peaks, particularly without gel formulation. Systemic organ uptake of silver was minimal across all groups, though macrophage aggregation was consistently observed in spleen and lymph nodes. Biochemical changes included elevated cholesterol in P407-treated rats and variable changes in total protein, albumin, glucose, and pancreatic enzymes across all groups. The AgNP-P407 formulation produced no adverse events and delayed systemic uptake, suggesting potential clinical utility for localized applications with prolonged tissue presence and limited systemic toxicity.

This summary was distilled by AI and may occasionally misinterpret data. Confirm critical details with the primary literature before clinical application.