Evaluation of Some Lung-Specific Epithelial and Endothelial Damage Biomarkers in the Determination Of Lung Damage in Cats with Acute Respiratory Diseases.

Serum ET-1, SP-D, sE-selectin, and GDF-15 are reliable diagnostic biomarkers for acute lung damage in cats.

This study evaluated lung-specific biomarkers in cats with acute respiratory disease (ARD) to assess epithelial and endothelial damage. Sixty cats were enrolled: 40 with ARD and 20 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1), surfactant-D (SP-D), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) were measured using feline-specific ELISA kits. Results demonstrated significantly elevated concentrations of ET-1, SP-D, sE-selectin, IL-6, and GDF-15 in cats with ARD (p<0.01), alongside increased granulocyte and monocyte counts. No significant differences in arterial blood gas values were observed. Of the 40 ARD cats, 57.5% recovered while 42.5% died. Thoracic radiographs commonly revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. The study concludes that ET-1, sE-selectin, SP-D, and GDF-15 represent reliable biomarkers of acute lung and endothelial damage with potential diagnostic value in feline ARD, potentially aiding in early detection and prognosis assessment.

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