Comparative pharmacokinetic dispositions of omeprazole and its metabolites following intravenous and oral administration in sheep and goats.

Omeprazole shows poor oral bioavailability in sheep and goats with species-specific differences.

This pharmacokinetic study compared omeprazole (OMP) disposition in sheep and goats following intravenous and oral administration at doses of 1.0 mg/kg and 4.0 mg/kg respectively. Six Awassi sheep and six Alpine goats were evaluated, with plasma sampling for OMP and three metabolites (hydroxyomeprazole, omeprazole sulfone, and omeprazole sulfide). Results demonstrated significant species differences in OMP pharmacokinetics. After IV administration, sheep exhibited greater systemic exposure (AUC 1.84 µg·h/mL) and longer half-life (0.26 h) compared to goats (AUC 0.67 µg·h/mL; T1/2 0.14 h). Following oral dosing, bioavailability was poor in both species, with sheep showing 11% and goats 12.31% bioavailability. Notably, OMP metabolites were undetectable in plasma after oral administration but present after IV dosing, with higher levels in sheep. These findings suggest species-specific metabolic differences that have important implications for optimizing omeprazole dosing regimens in small ruminant therapeutic applications.

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