Distribution, health and welfare of donkeys working in licensed commercial operations throughout Great Britain.

Commercial donkey licensing does not guarantee adequate welfare or health protection.

This study examined the distribution, health, and welfare status of donkeys engaged in licensed commercial activities across Great Britain. Researchers utilized local authority licensing data to map the geographic distribution of working donkeys and analyzed welfare records of animals relinquished, retired, or removed to The Donkey Sanctuary from licensed premises. The findings reveal that donkeys are employed in diverse commercial activities beyond traditional beach rides, including wellness industries, film production, and exhibits. A significant proportion of donkeys removed from licensed operations exhibited health and welfare issues. Notably, the presence of licensing requirements and mandatory veterinary oversight did not necessarily prevent poor welfare outcomes. The study identifies critical gaps in the current regulatory framework, suggesting that both the licensing system and those responsible for enforcement require enhanced resources and support to effectively protect donkey welfare in commercial settings. The research highlights the need for improved regulation and oversight of commercial donkey operations.

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