Clinical Findings, Treatment Recommendations, and Outcome in Dogs Following Ingestion of a Single Unintended Dose of Trilostane: 403 Cases (2008-2023).

Single unintended trilostane ingestion rarely causes severe signs; supportive care typically sufficient.

This retrospective study analyzed 403 cases of unintended trilostane ingestion in dogs from the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center database (2008-2023). The most common exposure sources were ingestion of another dog's prescription (61.5%) or excessive doses of the dog's own medication (36.5%). Clinical signs occurred in only 10.2% of cases, with vomiting, lethargy, and diarrhea being most frequent. Symptom onset occurred within a median of 2.5 hours post-exposure. Only 0.99% of cases required veterinary treatment. Among 200 cases with follow-up information, 93.5% developed no clinical signs. Dogs with clinical signs had significantly higher median exposure dosages (13.2 mg/kg) compared to asymptomatic dogs (3.3 mg/kg). The findings indicate that single, unintended trilostane ingestions typically result in mild, self-limiting clinical effects, and extensive hospitalization or aggressive intervention is rarely necessary, even at doses exceeding FDA-approved therapeutic recommendations.

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