Resveratrol alleviated inflammatory responses induced by cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection via NLRP3 inflammasome induced pyroptosis.

Resveratrol shows promise as a natural immunomodulator against BVDV through inflammasome inhibition.

This study investigated resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenol, as a potential therapeutic agent against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection. Researchers pretreated bovine BT and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with RES prior to BVDV exposure. The mechanism of action involves RES inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome expression through suppression of NF-κB signaling and activation pathways involving potassium channels and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This suppression subsequently reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β and IL-18). Additionally, RES inhibited Gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression and activation, thereby blocking pyroptosis—a form of programmed cell death contributing to inflammation. The compound also demonstrated direct antiviral activity by inhibiting BVDV replication. The findings suggest RES represents a promising natural compound for preventing BVDV-induced disease through dual mechanisms: viral suppression and inflammatory modulation via inflammasome inhibition.

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