Clinical Signs and Offending Food Allergens in Canine Cutaneous Adverse Food Reactions in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia: A Prospective Study.

Chicken is the primary food allergen in Southeast Asian dogs; investigate CAFR with pedal pruritus/otitis.

This prospective study examined cutaneous adverse food reactions (CAFRs) in 49 client-owned dogs from Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia between 2022-2024. Dogs with nonseasonal pruritus were evaluated at dermatology and general practices, with other pruritic diseases excluded. All dogs completed elimination diet trials followed by challenge testing to confirm offending allergens. Chicken protein emerged as the most common allergen across all three countries (Malaysia 65%, Singapore 31%, Indonesia 63%), differing from Western reports where beef and dairy predominate. Cross-breeds were most commonly affected in Malaysia (27%), while poodles dominated in Singapore (22%) and Indonesia (38%). Disease onset occurred primarily between 1-3 years of age (45%), with pedal pruritus and/or otitis affecting 68% of affected dogs. These findings demonstrate geographic variation in food allergen prevalence in canine populations and highlight the importance of investigating CAFRs when dogs present with pedal pruritus and otitis after excluding other differential diagnoses.

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