Elemental Composition Analysis of Sheep Tears Using Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission.

PIXE is a valid technique for analyzing elemental composition in sheep tears.

This study evaluated the elemental composition of sheep tears using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), a sophisticated analytical technique. Ten healthy female sheep underwent tear collection via Schirmer tear test strips daily over five consecutive days to assess reproducibility. Samples were analyzed using PIXE with GUPIX software processing, and statistical analysis employed Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn's tests. Results demonstrated consistent elemental concentrations throughout the sampling period, with chloride and sodium identified as the predominant elements. The research successfully establishes PIXE as a reliable and precise methodology for detecting and quantifying elemental composition in ovine tear films. The authors propose this technique as a foundation for future investigations examining tear analysis reliability, sensitivity, and potential biomarker applications for ocular and systemic health assessment. They recommend future studies investigate variables such as age, diet, and environmental exposure effects on tear composition, with potential application to other veterinary species.

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