A Pilot Investigation of Transforming Growth Factor-β2 and Total Protein Concentrations in Aqueous Humor of Canine Glaucomatous Eyes With and Without Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Surgery.

TGF-β2 elevation in canine PACG may drive disease and post-surgical fibrosis, warranting targeted modulation strategies.

This pilot study investigated transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) and total protein (TP) concentrations in aqueous humor from canine primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes treated with Ahmed glaucoma valve surgery. Nineteen glaucomatous eyes and nine normal control eyes were evaluated across four groups: pre-surgical, post-surgical, bleb fluid, and control. Aqueous humor samples were analyzed using bicinchoninic acid assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results demonstrated significantly elevated TP and TGF-β2 concentrations in all PACG groups compared to controls (p < 0.01). Bleb fluid showed the highest concentrations among glaucomatous groups. Post-surgical aqueous humor had significantly reduced TGF-β2 levels compared to pre-surgical samples and bleb fluid. No correlation was found between intraocular pressure and either biomarker. These findings suggest elevated TGF-β2 may contribute to PACG progression and post-surgical fibrosis, indicating potential therapeutic benefit from TGF-β2 modulation to improve long-term surgical outcomes.

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