First Molecular Confirmation of Canine Ocular Thelaziosis Caused by Thelazia callipaeda From India.

First confirmed T. callipaeda case in India; treat with mechanical removal and ivermectin.

This case report presents the first molecularly confirmed diagnosis of Thelazia callipaeda infection in a canine patient from India. An 8-year-old mixed-breed dog presented with unilateral ocular signs including mucopurulent discharge, epiphora, conjunctivitis, and corneal ulceration. Multiple thread-like worms were identified during ophthalmic examination. Morphological analysis confirmed characteristic features of T. callipaeda including the distinctive buccal capsule, cuticular striations, and encysted larvae. Molecular confirmation utilized cox1 gene sequencing, revealing 99.4% similarity to European and Asian isolates with specific nucleotide substitutions. Phylogenetic analysis positioned the Indian isolate within established European and Asian lineages. Treatment involved mechanical worm removal, systemic ivermectin administration, and supportive topical therapy, resulting in successful recovery. This report highlights T. callipaeda as an emerging zoonotic parasitic threat in India, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and clinical awareness among veterinary practitioners in endemic regions.

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